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Updated on Aug 29, 2024 | 15 min read
IIM Lucknow has revised CAT Admit Card 2023 release date. CAT Admit Card will now be released on 7 November 2023 @iimcat.ac.in. The release date of CAT Admit Card was previously set to be 25 October. Candidates will be able to download their respective CAT Admit Cards until the exam day by using their CAT login ID and password. The CAT 2023 Exam will be held on November 26 at approximately 400 test centres across 150 cities. The exam will be divided into three slots and will last two hours. Candidates will be able to take the test at the centre only if they bring a hard copy of their CAT 2023 Admit Card.
CLAT Syllabus 2025: The Consortium of National Law University (NLU) releases the syllabus for CLAT UG and CLAT PG separately on its official website every year. The syllabus of CLAT 2025 consists of five sections namely, English comprehension, general knowledge including current affairs, legal reasoning, logical reasoning, and quantitative techniques. The CLAT PG 2025 syllabus has topics from different areas of law. The difficulty level of the CLAT exam is of class 12th standard, and each section in the CLAT 2025 syllabus has a set of 4-6 passages followed by questions based on the passage.
Check the CLAT Previous Years' Exam Analysis. Click Here
The Common Law Admission Test (CLAT) is conducted for admission into 5-year LLB and LLM programmes offered by the NLUs. The exam is scheduled to be held on December 1, in offline mode. The candidates need to answer a total of 120 questions in MCQ format in a duration of 2 hours. Each question in the CLAT exam carries 1 mark, and 24 NLUs in total accept the CLAT UG and CLAT PG Scores.
Read in Detail: CLAT Exam Pattern
The table below presents a comprehensive view of the CLAT UG and CLAT PG exam, containing details about the number of questions asked, sections and subjects covered, and the marking scheem of the exam. Candidates are advised to go through the table to get a fair idea and understanding of the CLAT Syllabus. It is ti be noted that the medium of both the exams is English Language only.
Particulars |
CLAT UG |
CLAT LLM |
Number of questions |
120 |
120 |
Mode |
Offline |
Offline |
Type of questions |
Multiple choice type with comprehension passages |
Multiple choice type with comprehension passages |
Marking Scheme |
+1 for each correct answer -0.25 for each incorrect answer |
+1 for each correct answer -0.25 for each incorrect answer |
Skills tested |
Reading ability, critical thinking and analytical skills |
Reading ability, crucial thinking and analytical skills along with an understanding of the law |
Prior knowledge of the law |
Not required |
LLB-level knowledge is required |
Subjects in focus |
General awareness - GK, current affairs, maths, logical and legal reasoning and English |
Various subjects and concepts of law taught in LLB course |
The CLAT UG Syllabus is made up of 5 major sections, namely English comprehension, general knowledge including current affairs, legal reasoning, logical reasoning, and quantitative techniques. Each section carries different number of questions and has a distinct weightage. Sections like English comprehension and legal reasoning are considered the most important ones and carry significant weightage whereas, CLAT maths carries only around 10% weight. Given below is the weightage and marks for each section for a better understanding.
Section |
Numbers of Questions |
Marks |
Weightage |
English Language |
22-26 |
22-26 |
20% |
Current Affairs including General Knowledge |
28-32 |
28-32 |
25% |
Legal Reasoning |
28-32 |
28-32 |
25% |
Logical Reasoning |
22-26 |
22-26 |
20% |
Quantitative Techniques |
10-14 |
22-26 |
10% |
Total |
120 |
120 |
100% |
The five subjects of the UG CLAT 2025 syllabus test some common and some subject-specific skills. While the common skills are reading, critical thinking and analytical skills, the subject-specific skills are different for each subject. Let's explore each subject in depth.
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CLAT Marks Vs Rank Analysis | CLAT Cutoff
The CLAT English section is primarily a test of a candidate's language skills — reading, comprehension, and grammar. The questions are asked from six to seven passages of around 450 words each, followed by a series of multiple-choice type questions. Students need to read these passages and answer the underlying questions accordingly. The passages are drawn from fiction, non-fiction, and journalistic sources such as newspapers and magazines.
Particulars |
Important details |
Total weightage |
20% |
Number of questions asked |
22 - 26 |
Type of questions asked |
Passage-based questions
|
Source material or content of passages |
Newspapers, journals, contemporary or historically important fiction and non-fiction writing. |
Ability tested |
|
Difficulty Level |
12th standard |
The English Language Section is considered as an easy section in the CLAT exam. The English syllabus is widespread in CLAT covering a range of topics like Reading Comprehension, and Grammatical Knowledge. Given below are the most relevant and important topics covered in this section.
To perform well in the English language section, it is crucial for the CLAT aspirants to choose the right kind of study material and books. Candidates can refer to the below list of books which are specially designed to help the CLAT exam aspirants with the English section.
The GK and current affiars section carries 25% weightage in the exam, making it one of the most important sections of the exam. The section is focused on testing the basic knowledge of candidates in subjects such as history, economics, political science, and technology. On the other hand, the current affairs part will cover the national and international news segment and happenings in the recent year.
Particulars |
Important details |
Total weightage |
25% |
Number of questions asked |
28 - 32 |
Type of questions asked |
Passage-based questions Length - Each passage will be around 450 words. Prior knowledge of law subjects - While questions may include examination of legal information or knowledge, you don't need any prior knowledge to answer these questions. The answers to each question will be hidden in the passage. Estimated time needed to read a passage - 5-7 minutes. Questions - Each passage will be followed by a series of questions |
Source material or content of passages |
News, journalistic sources, and non-fiction writing. |
Ability tested |
Awareness of the following topics
|
Question Areas |
Questions may be formed in the following ways:
While the focus will be on recent and current events, some questions with historical significance may also be asked. These questions will gauge your understanding of the causes of such events. |
Difficulty Level |
Class 12th |
The General Knowledge and Current Affairs Section is considered one of the most important section in the CLAT exam. The GK and current affairs syllabus is widespread in CLAT covering a range of topics from domestic to international news events to historical events, and even arts and culture. Given below are the most relevant and important topics covered in this section.
To perform well in the General Knowledge and Current Affairs section, it is crucial for the CLAT aspirants to choose the right kind of study material and books. For this section candidates must practice and learn tricks to quickly comprehend the questions and answers. It is advised that the students focus on reading lots of newspapers and news items to build on their knowledge in this section. Candidates can refer to the below list of books which are specially designed to help the CLAT exam aspirants with the GK section.
The CLAT Legal Reasoning section constitutes for 25% of the CLAT exam paper. The section does not require prior knowledge of law subjects but the consortium states that the candidates can benefit greatly in the section if they have prior knowledge of legal and moral issues. The passages in this section cover scenarios with legal matters, public policy questions or moral philosophical enquiries which are drawn from non-fiction and legal journalistic sources.
Particulars |
Important details |
Total weightage |
25% |
Number of questions asked |
28 - 32 |
Type of questions asked |
Multiple choice type questions from comprehension passages Passage-based questions Length - Each passage will be around 450 words. Prior knowledge of law - No prior knowledge is needed to answer these passage-based questions. The answers will be hidden in the passage. However, general awareness of contemporary legal and moral issues may help you better apply general principles or propositions to the given fact scenarios. Estimated time needed to read a passage - 5-7 minutes. Questions - Each passage will be followed by a series of questions |
Source material or content of passages |
Legal knowledge, policy reports, legal journals, cases, news and editorials |
Ability tested |
|
Important topics asked in previous years |
Law of Torts, Contract Law, Indian Penal Code (IPC) and related concepts, Monism and Dualism, Personal laws — Special Marriage Act, Contract Act, Bigamy and Constitution Void and voidable Marriage, Law of writs, Penal law, Public international law, Juvenile Justice Act, Personal data protection bill |
Difficulty level |
Class 12th |
The Legal Reasoning Section is considered one of the most important section in the CLAT exam. The Legal Reasoning syllabus is widespread in CLAT covering a range of topics with legal matters, public policy questions or moral philosophical enquiries. Given below are the most relevant and important topics covered in this section.
To perform well in the Legal Reasoning section, it is crucial for the CLAT aspirants to choose the right kind of study material and books. For this section candidates must work on developing the skill sets required to become a great lawyer. Candidates can refer to the below list of books which are specially designed to help the CLAT exam aspirants with the Legal Reasoning section.
Carrying 20% weightage in the exam, the aim of this section is to test the aspirants' reasoning abilities. Most questions in CLAT logical reasoning follow a similar paragraph pattern containing statements, arguments and facts. The language and tone of the passages can be tricky with the use of words like “And/Or, Where/There, All/Some” etc. Based on the understanding, candidates are also expected to apply relationships or arguments in different situations.
Particulars |
Important details |
Total weightage |
20% |
Number of questions asked |
22 - 26 |
Type of questions asked |
MCQs from comprehension passages Length - Each passage will be around 300 words. Questions - Each passage will be followed by a series of questions |
Content of passages |
Arguments, patterns, statements and fact situations. Sources include opinion and editorial pieces from newspapers and magazines, and essays on moral philosophy available online and in various books. Some passages will be created specifically for the exam. Examples of source material include:
|
Ability tested |
|
Difficulty level |
Class 12th |
The Logical Reasoning Section is considered an important section in the CLAT exam. The Logical Reasoning syllabus is widespread in CLAT covering a range of topics peratining to blood relations, analogies, syllogisms, and more. Given below are the most relevant and important topics covered in this section.
To perform well in the Logical Reasoning section, it is crucial for the CLAT aspirants to choose the right kind of study material and books. For this section candidates must work on developing their critical thinking, reasoning, and analytical thinking abilities. This section is purely based on mind games, and cannot be prepared by memorizing the answers. Candidates can refer to the below list of books which are specially designed to help the CLAT exam aspirants with the Legal Reasoning section.
Though the Quantitative Aptitude section carries only 10% weightage in the exam, candidates need to note that the questions asked in this section are not like the straightforward maths. Questions in CLAT maths will be framed from a short of facts, conditions, data, graphs or textual representations containing numerical information. Candidates will have to study that information before answering the underlying questions. At an overall level, the purpose of the section is to ultimately test the candidates' mathematical abilities only.
Particulars |
Important details |
Total weightage |
10% |
Number of questions asked |
10 - 14 |
Type of questions asked |
Sets of facts or propositions, graphs, or other textual, pictorial, or diagrammatic representations of numerical information, followed by a series of questions. |
Skills to be tested |
|
Standard of questions |
Class 10th |
The Quantitative Aptitude Section is considered an important section in the CLAT exam. The Quantitative Aptitude syllabus is widespread in CLAT covering a range of topics peratining to mathematics like probability, ratios, mensuration, time and work, etc. Given below are the most relevant and important topics covered in this section.
To perform well in the Quantitative Aptitude section, it is crucial for the CLAT aspirants to choose the right kind of study material and books. For this section candidates must work on solving as many sample papers as possible, and practicing lots and lots of questions from each topic. If you put your mind in this section, you can score handsomely. Candidates can refer to the below list of books which are specially designed to help the CLAT exam aspirants with the Quantitative Aptitude section.
The LLM Syllabus for CLAT 2025 is majorly divided into 2 sections - Objective type questions and various other law subjects in the second part. The questions are asked in similar comprehension passage formats. However, questions are framed around specific topics of law and current legal affairs. The LLM CLAT exam has no descriptive or essay type questions to be answered. Take a look at the CLAT PG Syllabus below.
This section will provide candidates with extracts from primary legal materials, such as significant court decisions in several law fields, statutes, or regulations. Every passage will be followed by a series of questions that will require candidates to:
CLAT LLM Topics & Subjects Covered |
|
Constitutional Law |
Law of Torts |
Administrative law |
Criminal Law |
Family law |
Labour and industrial law |
Property law |
Public international law |
Jurisprudence |
Company law |
Intellectual Property Law |
International Law |
Tax law |
Law of Contracts |
Candidates can refer to the below mentioned books to prepare for the LLM exam.
Book Name |
Author/ Publisher |
S.S. Handbook for LLM Entrance Exam |
Singhal's Law Publications |
Guide To LLM Entrance Examination, |
Universal's |
Solved Papers of the LLM Entrance Test |
Singhal's Law Publications |
Ascent's Law Guide for LLM Entrance Exam |
Ashok K Jain |
Take a look at the CLAT 2025 Exam Pattern for CLAT UG and CLAT PG. It will help the candidates prepare a better exam strategy.
Components |
5-year LLB |
One-year LLM |
Exam mode |
Offline |
Offline |
Type of questions |
Objective type test |
Objective type test |
Total number of question |
120 MCQs |
120 MCQs (No descriptive questions were asked in 2022) |
Exam duration |
2 hours |
2 hours |
Negative marking |
+1 mark for a correct answer -0.25 marks for incorrect answer |
+1 mark for a correct answer -0.25 marks for incorrect answer |
Language |
English |
English |
Subject |
Books and Author(s) |
Quantitative Aptitude |
Legal Aptitude for CLAT and other Law Exams: Workbook by A. P Bhardwaj |
General Awareness, Current affairs |
Legal General Knowledge by R. K Gupta Pearson General Knowledge Manual Pratiyogita Darpan Monthly current affairs magazine |
Reasoning |
Logical Reasoning by Jain Prateek Verbal and Non-Verbal Reasoning by RS Aggarwal Analytical Reasoning by MK Pandey |
English |
Objective General English by N. Khurmi and George English is Easy by Chetan Anand Singh High School English Grammar and Composition by Wren & Martin |
Previous Year Papers |
Previous Year Papers by A.P. Bhardwaj |
Additional Resources |
Newspaper - The Hindu or The Indian Express, legal journals, articles, editorials, explanations |
CLAT is the toughest law exam in India and a dream for the upcoming lawyers to study at the top NLUs. The syllabus for CLAT is not limited and so is the Law. While it is overwhelming to prepare for the exam, below are a few generic tips to help you get through the CLAT exam.
Read in Detail: CLAT 2025 Section-Wise Preparation Strategy
The sample papers of CLAT 2025 contain practice questions that are based on the CLAT syllabus to help candidates understand the difficulty level of the CLAT 2025 question paper. CLAT 2025 sample papers also help aspirants to understand the exam pattern and questions in each section
Solving previous year's questions along with attempting mock tests from time to time is very crucial and plays a vital role in enhancing thepreparation. The previous years' question papers along with the answer keys are linked below for the candidates.
Year |
CLAT Question Papers with Answer Key PDFs |
2024 |
Check Here |
2023 |
Check Here |
2022 |
Check Here |
2021 |
Check Here |
2020 |
Check Here |
2019 |
Check Here |
2018 |
Check Here |
2017 |
Check Here |
2016 |
Check Here |
SRM University Chennai (SRM Institute of Science and Technology)
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The Consortium of National Law Universities will launch the registration period for the Common Law Admission Test (CLAT) 2025, today, July 15. December 1, 2024
15th Jul 2024
Registration Start Date15th Oct 2024
Registration End Date1st Dec 2024
Examination Start Date