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Home > Articles > Lorentz Force: Definitions, Formula, Importance, Properties, How to Measure, and Applications
Updated on 23rd May, 2023 , 5 min read
The term "Lorentz force" describes the combination of magnetic and electric forces that electromagnetic fields have on a point charge. Experts also refer to the Lorentz force as the electromagnetic force.
The Lorentz force is the force exerted on a charged particle traveling through an electric and magnetic field. In the year 1895, Hendrik Lorentz developed the present Lorentz force formula. Lorentz's force explains how an electric and magnetic field interact with and affect a charged particle. It is the total electromagnetic force exerted on a charged particle. It is also referred to as electromagnetic force and is employed in electromagnetism.
The charged particle's Lorentz force formula is as follows-
The following is the Lorentz force formula for a continuous charge distribution-
Where,
dF is a force on a small portion of the charge.
dq is a charge of some small piece.
The formula is as follows when a tiny portion of charge dispersion is split by the volume dV-
Where,
f is force per unit volume.
ρ is charge density.
Finding the direction of the magnetic component of the force is simple with the use of the right-hand rule.
The physical significance of forces acting on charged particles as they travel through space with an electric and magnetic field is explained by Lorentz's force, which also explains the mathematical equations behind them. This is why the Lorentz force is significant.
The following are some of the properties of Lorentz Force-
If the particle's direction of motion, electric and magnetic fields, and velocity are all parallel to one another and E and B are uniform,
Consequently,
As a result of the electric field's acceleration of the charge, the charge will move in a rectilinear fashion.
If the magnetic and electric fields are parallel to one another and the particle's direction of motion is perpendicular to E and B,
As a result of the electric field's acceleration of the charge, the charge will move in a circular motion.
There are two methods to measure the Lorentz force-
Since the term "current" relates to the movement of charged particles, all of the charged particles in a wire carrying current would be subject to the Lorentz force. Therefore, one would need to calculate the total force acting on the charged particles in motion. This is due to the fact that the total force acting on the charged particles would equal the total force acting on the wire.
The combined force that an electric and magnetic field exert on a point charge is known as the Lorentz force law. The forces on moving charges caused by electromagnetic fields are referred to as Lorentz forces in the definition of the term.
The Lorentz force is used in the following situations-
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By - Nikita Parmar 2024-09-06 10:59:22 , 6 min readAns. F = q (E + v * B) is employed to determine the magnetic force.
Ans. The right-hand principle is employed to determine the magnetic force.
Ans. In the presence of both E and B fields, it is important to ascertain the direction of the traveling charge.
Ans. The Lorentz force is the force that electric and magnetic fields exert on charged particles.
Ans. Hendrik Lorentz’s name is associated with the Lorentz force.
Ans. 10,000 Gauss equals one Tesla.