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Home > Articles > How to Become a Scientist In India: (Step by Step Guide) After the 12th, Types, Entrance Exams, Courses, Top Colleges, and Salary 2024
Updated on 03rd August, 2024 , 13 min read
Look around, everything you see around you has been conceptualised, discovered or invented by scientists. Scientists are individuals who are deeply interested in the surroundings, and matter and aim to build things to help humankind. If you too wish to do the same, you should consider becoming a scientist. scientists study subjects like Biology, Physics, Chemistry, or Maths. Scientists work at top organisations in India and Abroad, institutions like ISRO and NASA.
A scientist seeks facts and information that may be measured or compared using various analytical and testing methods. Scientists employ scientific procedures in their search for evidence-based results or hypotheses. A job as a scientist is not simple, but if one is passionate about it, one will have a fantastic time pursuing it.
The following table explains the quick facts about how to become a scientist in India-
Particulars | Details |
Industry | Science & Technology |
Eligibility | Ph.D. degree in a relevant science stream. |
Job Opportunity | Working at a variety of reputable organizations and laboratories both in India and overseas. |
Average Starting Salary | INR 9.60 LPA & above |
Average Salary | INR 5.17 LPA – 8 LPA |
Highest Salary | INR 18 LPA & above |
A BSc degree normally takes 3 years to finish, whereas integrated programs may take 5 years. A master's degree typically takes two years to complete, whereas a doctorate program takes three to four years. Furthermore, reputable laboratories, research centres, and teaching roles may demand a few years of work experience.
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The following are some of the eligibility criteria required to become a scientist in India-
Science-related knowledge and abilities are required for a broad variety of occupations and jobs, including research, industry, regulation, and education. The following table gives detailed information about the various types of scientists in India-
Types | Description |
Business Scientist | They help firms and other enterprises make evidence-based decisions by combining strong management and business skills with scientific knowledge. This type of scientist is self-assured in the workplace and possesses the scientific and technical competence required to be trustworthy with both coworkers and competitors. They may be found in a variety of jobs in scientific and technological organizations, ranging from R&D to marketing to the C-suite. |
Communicator Scientist | They combine communication abilities with a scientific and technological understanding to inspire, enlighten, and successfully convey their message via empathy and awareness of the audience's needs, knowledge of how media and other communication channels work, and, of course, a solid understanding of the science involved. |
Developer Scientist | They are also known as translational scientists, who convert previously useless information into something useful to society. These might be the development of new products or services, thoughts that influence behavior, advances in medical treatment and medicine, or the application of present technologies in unique circumstances. |
Entrepreneur Scientist | They generate innovation. Their relationships and scientific expertise enable them to identify opportunities for innovation not just in the business sector, but also in the public sector and other parts of society. They start their own businesses or try to develop existing ones by combining their scientific knowledge with strong commercial and financial acumen, people management skills, and an entrepreneurial spirit. |
Explorer Scientist | They are like the crew of the Enterprise, who focus on a specific conclusion or impact, preferring to discover the next piece of the jigsaw puzzle of scientific knowledge and comprehension. They are more likely to be observed working alone in a research center, institution, or company's R&D. |
Investigator Scientist | They investigate the unknown by observing, describing, comprehending, and assembling extensive information and data, setting the framework for future interpreters and developers. They are most likely to be found working as part of a team in a multidisciplinary context at a university or research centre, or in an organization's research and development (R&D). |
Policy Scientist | They use their skills in research, technology, governance, and policymaking to ensure that legislation and policy have a sound empirical foundation. This type of scientist works and is involved in a number of settings, including government and parliament, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), advocacy organizations, and charities. |
Technician Scientist | They provide operational scientific services. These are the experts we rely on in forensic science, food science, health and safety, material analysis and testing, education, and many other sectors. |
The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, or CSIR, is a top-tier institute that works in research and technology. CSIR has 38 laboratories across the country that hold recruitment drives through which people might obtain positions all throughout the country. The following are the steps to becoming a scientist at CSIR-
Getting into IIST may be one of the most sure-fire methods to get into ISRO (Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology). ISRO also employs students from IITs, NITs, and other prestigious universities. Below are the processes to becoming an ISRO scientist in India-
NASA demands a variety of educational degrees. A master's degree in physical and biological sciences is the basic minimum. A doctorate, on the other hand, can jumpstart a career as a scientist at NASA. After earning their bachelor's and master's degrees, candidates must apply for NASA's various scholarships. Another requirement is that one has publications in reputable journals and referrals from other scientists.
Those interested in a career as a medical scientist can obtain a bachelor's degree in biology, chemistry, or a related discipline. Attending lessons in disciplines such as biological sciences, physical sciences, and math might also be beneficial.
Other methods to becoming a medical scientist in India include-
Data science is yet another rising business occupation. An M.Sc. in Mathematical Statistics is the basic minimum for a data scientist. Besides this, applicants must possess a number of additional abilities, including-
One must start their studies soon after high school. Pick a scientific subject of interest and narrow it down to a specific niche. Therefore, the initial step in the procedure is to pick between PCM and PCB immediately following their 10th board examination. If they want to be scientists, they must be very strong at arithmetic. Because research in general works with statistics, expertise in math is essential.
Have a clear notion of the niche field one wishes to explore. Choose a bachelor's degree from a variety of options such as physics, mathematics, biology, astronomy, geology, social sciences, and more. One can also take professional courses in their field of interest, such as B.Tech, B.Sc, B.Pharma, and so on.
A bachelor's degree is not necessary to become a scientist. While a bachelor's degree will give a solid foundation, master's and doctoral degrees may be required to broaden the knowledge base.
After meeting the numerous eligibility conditions, students must apply through several admission tests for their bachelor's, master's, and doctorate degrees. Entrance to various educational institutions differs according to university/college policies. There are a few national-level exams for a Ph.D. degree, such as the UGC NET Test, CSIR- UGC NET Exam, NCBS JGEEBILS, DBT JRF biotech entrance exam, ICMR JRF fellowships, JNU Ph.D. entrance test, JRF-GATE, and so on. The following are some of the entrance exams to become a scientist in India-
Entrance tests are used to determine BSc admission. Several national, state,March-May and institution-level admission tests are held throughout India. The table below contains some of the test schedules and BSc online form end date 2023 for the major BSc entrance examinations in India-
Entrance Exam | Registration | Exam Date |
CUET | March 26, 2024 | May 15 to May 31, 2024 |
JET | 1 Nov 2023–14 Apr 2024 | 15, 16 Apr, 6, 7, 23 May 2024 |
NPAT | 6 Dec 2023–20 May 2024 | 1 Jan–25 May 2024 |
SUAT | 10 Feb '24 | May '24 |
A few national-level entrance examinations are included in the table below along with application deadlines, conducting bodies, exam dates, and so on-
Exam Name | Conducted By | Application Date | Exam Date | Exam Type |
UGC NET | UGC | March–May 2023 | July 2023 | Online |
CSIR UGC NET | UGC CSIR | 2nd week of August – 3rd week of September 2023 | 3rd week of December 2023 | |
IISc & IITs | August 30 – October 7, 2022 | 4, 5, 11 & 12 February 2023 |
There are numerous paths to becoming a scientist in India. To become a scientist, students must complete a number of courses. The following are some of the bachelor's, master's, and Ph.D. courses to become a scientist in India-
After Class 12, BSc is a common course of study for science students. It gives comprehensive theoretical and practical knowledge in a variety of scientific subjects such as physical science, applied science, chemistry, mathematics, economics, biology, agriculture, horticulture, animation, and so on.
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Students who are enthusiastic about learning interdisciplinary science and mathematics can enrol in this course. The course is appropriate for students who desire to work in research areas such as pharmaceuticals, healthcare, manufacturing, and information technology. BSc Honours and BSc General are the two sorts of BSc degrees. Both are three years long and have the same criteria. Students learn the fundamental skills and information required to operate in a dynamic workplace as a researchers, teachers, lecturers, consultants, counsellors, and so on. INSPIRE Scholarships, HDFC Educational Crisis Scholarship Support (ECSS), Promotion of Science Education (POSE) Scholarship, Kishore Vaigyanik Protsahan Yojana (KVPY), and other scholarship possibilities are also available. Students with a BSc can continue their education by pursuing a Master of Science (MSc) or a Master of Business Administration (MBA).
The BSc Admission Procedure is mainly based on merit. Nonetheless, some colleges, such as IAT IISER, OUAT, NEST, and others, accept admission through entrance exams.
The BSc eligibility criteria may differ based on the institution chosen, and the candidate must fulfil all of the criteria to be admitted to the top BSc colleges. The fundamental BSc course eligibility requirement is a minimum of 50% in Class 12 from any recognized board. Several prestigious institutions require 60% averages. In the upper secondary level, pupils must have studied key topics such as Math, Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. In India, the minimum age for admission to a BSc course is 18 years.
Name of the College | Average Fees (INR) |
Rs. 95,000 | |
Rs. 73,545 | |
Rs. 3,63,000 | |
Rs. 44,685 | |
Rs. 59,400 | |
Rs. 43,665 | |
Rs. 68,685 | |
Rs. 1,29,000 | |
St Xavier's College | Rs. 2,43,000 |
Master of Science (MSc) is a two-year postgraduate science program that provides in-depth practical and theoretical understanding in a variety of scientific subjects such as Chemistry, Physics, Biology, Mathematics, Botany, Zoology, Pharmacy, and Nursing.
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Ph.D. candidates must have an MSc degree. To pursue a Master of Science program, individuals must possess certain talents such as problem-solving abilities, analytical abilities, research abilities, and so on. The MSc curriculum varies depending on the MSc Specialty.
To learn about the MS Admission procedure, candidates can follow the stages outlined below-
Name of the College | Average Fees (INR) |
Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham | Rs. 1,09,800 |
Rs. 6,245 | |
Rs. 1,00,000 | |
Rs. 3,040 | |
Rs. 20,000 | |
Rs. 1,02,500 | |
Rs. 1,311 | |
Rs. 76,000 | |
Rs. 46,835 | |
Rs. 21,000 | |
Rs. 49,629 | |
Rs. 3,980 | |
University of Hyderabad | Rs. 9,255 |
Rs. 10,985 |
Ph.D. Science is a research-oriented program. Students do experiments and strive to find new concepts and incorporate them into their theses through observation, questioning, modelling, and research. One of the primary goals of a PhD science course is to equip students to do research on science learning and teaching in various scientific fields. Physics, chemistry, biology, computer science, life sciences, and other subjects are covered in this course.
Name of the College | Average Fees (INR) |
Christ University | Rs. 35,000 |
Rs. 52,000 | |
Rs. 23,235 | |
Rs. 6,000 | |
Rs. 36,000 | |
Rs. 42,000 | |
Rs. 6,970 | |
Stella Maris College | Rs. 85,000 |
St Xavier's College | Rs. 23,000 - 38,000 |
Scientists will be in high demand in government and corporate organizations as the human population grows and technology advances. Some of the organizations in our nation that hire skilled scientists include-
The following table gives details about the types of job roles and their salary in India-
Job Profile | Starting Salary (per annum) INR | Mid-Level (per annum) INR | Senior Level (per annum) INR |
Astronomer | Rs. 6,00,000 – 8,00,000 | Rs. 8,00,000 – 10,00,000 | Rs. 10,00,000 – 15,00,000 |
Agronomist | Rs. 1,00,773 | Rs. 5,81,660 | Rs. 7,97,430 |
Botanist | Rs. 2,47,301 | Rs. 5,89,581 | Rs. 11,63,496 |
Epidemiologist | Rs. 1,52,051 | Rs. 6,16,736 | Rs. 12,22,370 |
Microbiologist | Rs. 1,32,819 | Rs. 2,93,865 | Rs. 9,38,883 |
Geologist | Rs. 2,31,402 | Rs. 5,09,972 | Rs. 13,68,460 |
Meteorologist | Rs. 1,20,000 | Rs. 3,00,000 | Rs. 6,00,000 |
Marine Biologist | Rs. 99,550 | Rs. 4,50,000 | Rs. 10,45,437 |
Paleontologist | Rs. 2,00,000 | Rs. 5,00,000 | Rs. 10,00,000 |
Seismologist | Rs. 7,39,000 | Rs. 7,80,000 | Rs. 8,10,000 |
If one wants to learn how to become a scientist, he or she must first understand the abilities required. These are a few talents and habits one should develop in our daily life-
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By - Nikita Parmar 2024-09-06 10:59:22 , 6 min readAns. The primary requirement for 10+2 is that you have passed your 10+2 from a board recognized by the state or national government with PCM or PCMB as your subject combination. Students must hold a bachelor’s degree from a recognized institution.
Ans. The admissions exam is determined by the subject you choose. The UGC NET exam, CSIR- UGC NET exam, NCBS JGEEBILS, DBT JRF biotech entrance exam, ICMR JRF fellowships, JNU Ph.D. entrance test, JRF-GATE, and others are among the top Ph.D. admission examinations.
Ans. Applicants must hold a bachelor’s degree from a reputable college or institution, with a grade point average of at least 60%. Candidates for a master’s degree must get a minimum of 65%.
Ans. In India, becoming a scientist will take about 4-5 years.
Ans. In India, the average monthly income for a scientist is INR 49,668.
Ans. Absolutely, students can apply to an international university at any time during their academic career. You must select a university based on your subject and apply for admissions examinations.
Ans. It is determined by the position and credentials. ISRO scientists earn between Rs. 7,00,000 and Rs. 10,000,000.
Ans. Physicians make more money, but few scientists are able to create some sort of breakthrough or technology that allows them to earn more money. Because the royalty they receive is pretty substantial.