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Home > Articles > Understanding the Floral Formula of Solanaceae: Structure, Features, and Identification
Updated on 02nd September, 2024 , 6 min read
It's common to refer to the Solanaceae family as the potato family. It belongs to the angiosperm family. This family of plants includes both temperate and tropical plants, and they are found all over the world. It consists of fruits, vegetables, herbs, a variety of spices, agricultural crops, and other things. Additionally, the floral symmetry, ovary position, the number of components, insertion, connotation, and adnation of a flower are all determined by the floral formula.
The flowering plant genus Solanaceae, usually referred to as nightshade, belongs to the potato family. About 3000 species of plants belong to the Solanaceae family. Since they are frequently utilized as a food source and for the production of drugs, the majority of these species are quite significant, at least for economic reasons.
The family of flowering plants known as the Solanaceae includes nightshades. It has 98 genera. The plants can appear as trees, shrubs, lianas, herbs, veins, bushes, and even epiphytes. It contains crops, weeds, ornamentals, spices, and medicinal plants. Examples include peppers, potatoes, tomatoes, eggplants, etc. The floral formula of Solanaceae is as follows-
The following table represents the floral formula of Solanaceae-
Symbols | Description |
⊕ | Actinomorphic (radial symmetry) |
⚥ | Bisexual |
K₍₅₎ | Calyx – 5 sepals, gamosepalous (united) |
C₍₅₎ | Corolla – 5 petals, gamopetalous |
A₅ | Androecium – 5 stamens, polyandrous (free), epipetalous (attached to petals) |
G₍₂₎ | Gynoecium – bi-carpellary, syncarpous (united), superior ovary |
With the use of its broad key information, Solanaceae may be quickly identified. The following list of Solanaceae's salient characteristics includes-
The following are the systematic positions of the Solanaceae-
The following are some of the characteristics of the Solanaceae family-
The large flowering plant family Solanaceae contains 102 genera and 2500 species. The following are some of the features of the Solanaceae Family-
Common Name | Family Name |
Ashwagandha | Withania somnifera |
Belladonna | Atropa belladonna |
Bell pepper | Capsicum annuum |
Black Nightshade | S. nigrum |
Datura | Datura stramonium |
Eggplant | S. melongena |
Petunia | Petunia hybrida |
Potato | Solanum tuberosum |
Tobacco | Nicotiana tabacum |
Tomato | S. lycopersicum |
Floral Formula of Solanaceae FAQs |
Q. What is the floral formula for Solanaceae? |
A. (A) The large posterior petal in vexillary aestivation is referred to as the standard, the two lateral ones as wings, and the two small anterior petals as keel. (C) The stamens in pea flowers are monodelphious. |
Q. How to write the floral formula of hibiscus? |
A. The following is the format of the hibiscus floral formula: Br Brl ⊕ ⚥ K(5) C5 A(∞) G(5). Each symbol and number in this formula has been given a particular meaning and set of properties. |
Q. Is Solanaceae in the NEET syllabus? |
A. Yes, Solanaceae is there in the NEET syllabus. For more information, check the official syllabus. |
Q. What is the floral formula of Fabaceae? |
A. The formula for it is -% ⚥ K(5) C1+2+(2) A(9)+1 G1. Thus, the following formula provides information about the Fabaceae family's floral characteristics: Bisexual plant; %: Zygomorphic plant. |
Q. What is the floral formula of rose? |
A. The following is the floral recipe for roses. Figure Flower Formula. K (5) is a five-sepalled calyx. C5: five petals fused into a corolla. A - numerous stamens (many in this case denotes more than 10–12) |
The following are the economic importance of the Solanaceae family-
Difference between Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis.
Father of Botany and Father of Zoology.
Thallophyte and Bryophyta.
Identification of Plants and their Classification is done with the help of this formula. If you want to know the structure of flowers in short, floral formulas are a great way to learn. These formulas represent major floral components, such as the number and arrangement of sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels. These formulas help botanists in identification and classification of plants. In different regions and studies, this standardized notation facilitates subtle communication and helps in comparative analysis.
New insights when it comes to evolution is revealed. The relationships between plants which is the subject of evolution is known. Botanists compare these formulas find the lineage and evolutionary changes within plant families. Since different plants have adapted according to their environment they are in, it provides insights regarding their diversity and changes.
Classification in terms of taxonomy and organizing them in taxonomic groups in done by these formulas. It helps botanists to put plants into categories of genera, families, and orders based on shared floral features. This classification is significant for charting out a systematic framework that shows the natural relationships between plants.
Insights in terms of ecology and functions. Floral formulas show how a flower's structure is often related to its ecological function. For instance, interactions with pollinators and pollination techniques can be influenced by the arrangement of floral elements. Studying plant ecology and the dynamics of interactions between plants and pollinators is aided by an understanding of these linkages.
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By - Nikita Parmar 2024-09-06 10:59:22 , 6 min readAns. The most significant alkaloids are those like nicotine, solanine, hyoscyamine, etc.
Ans. A plant and its family can be symbolized through a floral display.
Ans. The majority of these plants’ seeds are dicot seeds because they have two cotyledons.
Ans. Germination is the process through which a seed develops into a strong plant.
Ans. By comparing the essential characteristics and traits, Solanaceae may be easily differentiated. Here are only a few of the Solanaceae’s characteristics they typically have spiral leaves with an internal phloem, a 5-numerous perianth with a corolla that is involute in aestivation, a syncarps gynoecium, and many ovules in each individual carpel, capsule, or drupe. They are also found as shrubs, herbs, trees, or lianas.