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Updated on 24th October, 2023 , 5 min read
An object that is rigid, has a low intermolecular space between molecules and exhibits strong intermolecular forces that bind the molecules together is referred to as a solid. Contrarily, liquids are less rigid and flow more easily. Typically, they have characteristics that allow them to go from higher to lower areas. Compared to solids, this is a characteristic that only liquids have. Solids do, however, have a few flaws. In contrast to solids and liquids, gases exhibit notably distinct properties. Gases largely flow freely because there is little to no intermolecular force at play.
Here is a table of key differences between solid, liquid, and gas along with the basis of differentiation-
BASIS | SOLID | LIQUID | GAS |
Mass | Definite | Definite | Definite |
Shape | Definite | Acquires the shape of the container | Acquires the shape of the container |
Volume | Definite | Definite | Definite |
Interparticle Space | Very tightly packed | Loosely packed | Very loosely packed |
Kinetic Energy of Constituent Particles | Least energy | Higher than solids | Highest |
Impractical force of attraction | Strongest | Weaker than solids | Negligible |
Compressibility | Negligible | Can be compressed | Highly compressible |
Not possible | Can flow | Can flow | |
Rigidity | Highly rigid | Less rigid | No rigidity |
Diffusion | Slow or negligible | Faster than solids | Very fast |
Density | Highest | Lesser than solids | Least |
Following are the key differences between solids, liquids, and gas-
Solids is a category of matter with a rigid structure that resists changes in its volume and shape. They have securely bonded particles that are neatly arranged in a predictable way. Due to their close proximity, its particles will continuously vibrate and twist but won't appear to move. They are rigidly shaped and exhibit strong intermolecular attraction. Additionally, because there aren't many spaces between their molecules, compression is exceedingly difficult. Solids can diffuse into liquids and have a defined volume. Additionally, they are barely compressible. They have the lowest interparticle spacing and the highest density. They have a powerful interparticle force of attraction. They also possess the lowest kinetic energy. Their molecules are arranged in a certain manner toward the end.
Liquids is freely flowing materials with a constant volume and an ambiguous shape. They adopt the shape of the container they are in as a result. Intermolecular connections firmly hold the tiny particles in them. It's critical to grasp the properties of solids, liquids, and gases in order to distinguish between them. Liquids with a low surface area have a high surface tension. Strong intermolecular forces and a defined volume are characteristics of liquids. In addition, the diffusion is greater as compared to solids. They also have a medium density. Additionally, because they are less rigid, they flow effortlessly. In actuality, at a specific temperature, liquids have higher particle kinetic energy than solids.
A state of matter termed "gas" freely diffuses in all directions. As a result, regardless of the quantity, they completely fill the space that is available. Its constituent particles lack a defined shape and volume. Due to the loosely held bonds between their molecules, there is plenty of room for them to move continuously and freely. Due to weak intermolecular interactions, gases lack precise volumes. They can flow readily because they lack stiffness. They fill the container but lack a distinct shape and have the most interparticle space because the molecules in them are very weakly packed.
When the matter is heated or cooled, it transforms from one state to another, which is referred to as a "physical transformation." Therefore, several methods for altering the state of matter are listed below-
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By - Nikita Parmar 2024-09-06 10:59:22 , 6 min readAns- Matter can change states under the influence of pressure. Certain situations frequently change but frequently only exist in two states, necessitating human and technical assistance to move through all three phases. The only substance that can exist naturally in all three states—solid, liquid, and gas—is water.
Ans- The world is made of matter. Small particles of substances make up every atom and compound. These atoms are still used to create the common objects you see and touch. Anything that has mass (has volume) and occupies space is considered to be matter.
Ans- Solids, liquids, and gases all fall under the category of matter. It’s important to comprehend that matter is made up of particles. Atoms and molecules, not "little solid pieces" or "tiny liquid drops," are the constituent parts of matter. These atoms’ and molecules’ states are determined by their physical properties.
Small particles also make up matter. The components of matter are called atoms. You can’t see atoms because they are so small. The substance you can see is composed of the majority of atoms.
Light is a type of energy, not a substance. Atoms are what make up matter. Actually, electromagnetic radiation is what light is. Magnetic fields and electrical fields are both produced by moving electrical charges or electrons (electric current).
Solids, liquids, and gases are the three states of matter that exist on Earth. Solids have a definite shape and volume, liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container, and gases have neither a definite shape nor volume.
In solids, particles are closely packed together and vibrate in a fixed position. In liquids, particles are also closely packed together but can move freely, while in gases, particles are far apart and move rapidly in all directions.
Solids are usually the densest state of matter, followed by liquids, and then gases, which are the least dense.
Solids are not easily compressible, liquids are slightly compressible, and gases are highly compressible.
Solids and liquids expand when heated, but gases expand much more rapidly and to a greater extent than solids or liquids.